Latest news from the CIS

The Spanish Centre for Sociological Research (CIS) has completely redesigned its website to offer a simpler, faster, and more accessible experience for all users. The new site allows for easy navigation from any device—computer, tablet, or mobile phone—and facilitates access to all CIS information and studies. The content and organization of information have also been improved, making it easier to find the data and publications of interest. Improvements have also been made to increase the online presence and ranking of CIS content. Thanks to these updates, the portal is now more visible in search engines like Google and Bing, making it easier for researchers, students, and anyone interested to find the available studies and resources. One of the most significant milestones has been the development of a new intelligent search engine with filters and categories , allowing simultaneous searches across all studies, questions, and series produced by the CIS since its founding. This advanced tool is integrated with the Lucene query system, enabling researchers and analysts to run complex, high-precision queries to extract valuable sociological information. In addition, a comprehensive review and update of the translations has been carried out, aimed at improving the coherence and multilingual quality of the content, as well as the integration of CIS study data with the national open data portal datos.gob.es , strengthening institutional transparency and promoting the reuse of public information. With this set of improvements, the CIS consolidates its commitment to digital transformation, innovation and accessibility, reaffirming its commitment to open, rigorous social research at the service of citizens.

A graduate in Sociology from the Complutense University of Madrid, she obtained her doctorate from the University of London. Capitolina Díaz was a professor at the University of Oviedo (1992), where she was part of the Center for Feminist Research and Women's Studies, and subsequently a professor of Sociology at the University of Valencia (2012). She has served as a visiting professor at Stanford and Harvard Universities (USA), UAM (Mexico), Moa (Cuba), and El Comahue (Argentina). Her areas of specialization are the Sociology of Education, the Sociology of Gender and Methodology of Social Sciences, and the Sociology of Science with a Gender Dimension. She was the first Director of the Women and Science Unit (2006-2008) of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Government of Spain, a body created in 2005 to promote the application of the principle of gender mainstreaming in the fields of science, technology, and innovation. In 2008, she served as Research Advisor at the Permanent Representation of Spain to the European Union in Brussels, and in December of that same year, she was appointed Director General for Equality in Employment for the Government of Spain (2008-2010). She served as President of the Association of Women Researchers and Technologists (2013-2016). In March 2006, the Association of Progressive Women of El Bierzo awarded her its 2006 Women's Award. Author, editor and co-author of numerous books, among the most recent are Harriet Martineau's How to Observe Morals and Customs (1838) (CIS, 2022) and Sociological Omnivority: Contributions to the Work of Antonio Ariño (CIS, 2023), as well as more than 100 articles in specialized journals and book chapters on the Sociology of Education, the Sociology of Gender, the Methodology of Social Sciences, and the inclusion of sex and/or gender analysis in research and innovation. In recent years, she has worked on the recovery of the founders of Sociology, particularly on the figure of Harriet Martineau, and on the dissemination among national and international researchers of the inclusion of the gender dimension in the content of their research. The jury was composed of the President of the CIS, Professor of Sociology José Félix Tezanos, and the following personalities: the Director of Research at the CIS, Silvia García Ramos; the Director of Publications at the CIS, Rosario H. Sánchez Morales; the Professor of Sociology, Inés Alberdi Alonso (National Sociology Prize 2019); the Professor of Sociology, Constanza Tobío Soler (National Sociology Prize 2021); the Professor of Sociology, Rafael Pardo Avellaneda (National Sociology Prize 2022); the Professor of Sociology, Carlota Solé i Puig (National Sociology Prize 2023); the President of the Spanish Association of Political Science and Administration (AECPA), Juan Montabes Pereira; the President of the Spanish Federation of Sociology and full professor Màrius Domínguez i Amorós; The Vice President of the Spanish Federation of Sociology, Professor Lucila Finkel Morgenstern; Professor Irene Delgado Sotillos; Professor of Mathematical Sociology Antonio Alaminos Chica; and Professor of Political Science Pablo Oñate Rubalcaba (2024 National Sociology Prize winner). María Asunción Garzón Martínez, Secretary General of the CIS (National Commission for Sociology of the Spanish Federation of Sociology), acted as the Jury's secretary, with voice but no vote. For any questions, please contact the CIS Communications telephone number: 91 580 76 25

The Center for Sociological Research and the Ministry of Health have prepared the second wave of this year's health barometer. The study reflects public perceptions of the functioning of the public health system. One of the most significant results of this edition is the high level of public confidence in the public healthcare system. 61.4% of people with private health insurance—either individual or through their employer—believe that, if they suffered a serious health problem, they would receive better treatment in the public healthcare system. This data highlights the role of the National Health System (NHS) as a benchmark for quality and safety of care, even among those with access to private healthcare. 52.5% of the general population positively assesses the functioning of the healthcare system in Spain, a slight decrease compared to the 53.9% recorded in the first wave of 2025. The average overall satisfaction score stands at 6.02 points out of 10, compared to 6.13 the previous year. Although these indicators show a slightly downward trend in overall perception, a detailed analysis by care level reveals high satisfaction among those who have actually used public health services. In primary care, 78.5% of those treated rated the care received positively, compared to 82.4% the previous year. In hospital care, the positive rating reached 77.8% (81.7% in 2024), and among those who were hospitalized, it remained at 78.4% (81.4% in 2024). Emergency services received favorable ratings from 73.5% of their users, a figure stable compared to the previous year. In the field of mental health, 74.9% of people treated in the public health system stated that the care received was as expected or better. The Barometer also shows positive growth in the use of digital healthcare tools. Thirty-five percent of the population has accessed their electronic medical record, compared to 32.8% in 2024. The use of interoperable electronic prescriptions outside the autonomous community reaches 20.6%, an increase of 1.2 points compared to the previous year. Furthermore, 52.2% of citizens have an electronic certificate, and 52.1% of those who have received primary care have had a telephone consultation, with a satisfaction level growing to 68.9%. For the first time, the Health Barometer collects detailed information on the performance of diagnostic tests in the last year for a new health problem, and the time elapsed between the medical indication and the test. 19.2% of the adult population has had an ultrasound, 13.7% a CT scan, 12.1% an MRI, and 4.3% a colonoscopy. Colonoscopies have the longest average wait time (158 days), followed by MRIs (117 days), ultrasounds (66 days), and CT scans (60 days). Regarding speed of access, 56.7% of ultrasounds, 50.3% of CT scans, 46.7% of MRIs, and 34% of colonoscopies were performed within one month of their request. As this is the first edition measuring this indicator, the data constitute an initial reference for evaluating accessibility to diagnostic tests in future waves of the study. Other notable findings from the report: 17.7% of the population has needed healthcare for mental health or emotional distress in the past year. In primary care, the average wait time for an appointment with a family doctor exceeds eight days (8.85), and 71.2% report having had to wait more than a day because there was no prior availability. The study is based on a sample of 2,318 interviews conducted during July 2025.

On October 18, 2010, the Interterritorial Council of the Spanish National Health System approved the National Strategy for Sexual and Reproductive Health (ENSSR). The development of this Strategy is part of the implementation of Organic Law 2/2010, of March 3, on sexual and reproductive health and voluntary termination of pregnancy. Its main objectives are to promote the generation of knowledge that contributes to improving the quality of sexual health care from a holistic and gender-based perspective, and to manage, compile, and disseminate existing knowledge on sexual health. To meet these goals, the Ministry of Health needs to understand public opinion regarding the habits and perceptions surrounding sexual health and experiences of the Spanish population over the age of 16. In 2009, the Women's Health Observatory of the National Health System, together with the Center for Sociological Research (CIS) , conducted the First National Survey on Sexual Health , the objective of which was to obtain an initial diagnosis of the state of sexual health at the state level, with a view to developing a sexual health strategy. Currently, the General Directorate of Public Health and Health Equity has considered it necessary to update this information, again in collaboration with the CIS , and for this purpose they have signed an agreement for the II National Survey of Sexual Health, whose fieldwork will be carried out between October 13 and 28, 2025 . The CIS is an agency of the General State Administration that belongs to the Ministry of the Presidency, Justice, and Parliamentary Relations. Its purpose is the scientific study of Spanish society. The CIS is responsible for organizing the survey and also acts as the controller for the processing of personal data. Its headquarters are in Madrid (Calle Montalbán 8, 28014 Madrid). How do we collect data? The questionnaires will be administered via a CATI (computer-assisted telephone interview). If you do not wish to answer any of the questions, you may do so. We conducted the survey on a sample of the population residing in Spain, over 16 years of age and of both sexes. The phone numbers called are obtained by generating random numbers and are placed using an automatic call system. No databases are used, nor is data sharing practiced. The phone numbers are not stored and are disconnected from the interview immediately afterward. No information that could identify the interviewee is requested. All information collected is treated with complete confidentiality, in accordance with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and national data protection legislation. If you wish, you can obtain more details about how the Center for Sociological Research conducts surveys at: https://www.cis.es/estudios/preguntas-frecuentes/como-se-hacen-las-encuestas Where can I get more information? Contact information For more information, you can visit the website of the Center for Sociological Research ( www.cis.es ) or write to campo@cis.es .

The CIS conducted its monthly poll with the usual questions about voting intentions, assessments of leaders, and other current issues such as the upcoming 50th anniversary of the death of dictator Francisco Franco. In October, the PSOE (Spanish Socialist Workers' Party) is projected to achieve an estimated 34.8% vote, while the Popular Party (PP) is projected to obtain 19.8%, VOX 17.7%, Sumar 7.7%, and Podemos 4.9%. Pedro Sánchez is the most highly rated and favorite as president. Pedro Sánchez is the highest-rated political leader with an average score of 4.44, followed by Yolanda Díaz with 4.24; Alberto Núñez Feijóo with 3.46; and Santiago Abascal with 2.89. Pedro Sánchez is the favorite for Prime Minister for 42.3% of those surveyed, leading Santiago Abascal by 26.3 points, who is the favorite for 16.0%. Alberto Núñez Feijóo is the favorite for 13.5%, Yolanda Díaz for 7%, and Isabel Díaz Ayuso for 4.8%. Ministers' assessment Carlos Cuerpo, Minister of Economy, Trade, and Enterprise, with an average score of 5.41, is the highest-rated minister, followed by Pablo Bustinduy, Minister of Social Rights, Consumption, and the 2030 Agenda, with 5.32. In third place is Defense Minister Margarita Robles, with a score of 4.92. Administration and public employment 69.3% believe that flexible hours and work-life balance are better in the public sector than in private companies, compared to 10% who believe it is worse. Regarding salary, 49.5% believe it is better in the public sector, compared to 22.4% who believe it is worse. A further 15.9% maintain that it is the same. Regarding social prestige, 44.2% say it is better in the public sector, 23.4% say it is worse, while 24.9% believe the prestige is the same in both cases. Access to public employment in Spain 78.9% of respondents believe that the current system for accessing public employment in Spain favors those with the time and resources to prepare. 63.6% believe it is characterized by an excessive amount of memorization to the detriment of practical content. 62.8% believe it is attractive to young people. And 49.2% believe it guarantees equal opportunities. On the other hand, 51.6% believe that the most qualified candidates are not selected. And 49.3% believe that prior experience is not adequately valued. Situation in Gaza 67.6% of those surveyed are "very or quite" concerned about what is happening in the Gaza Strip; while 16.9% are "somewhat or not at all" concerned. Regarding their assessment of how the Spanish government has responded to this situation, 38% agree "very or quite"; 30.5% disagree "at all"; and 23.3% agree "somewhat." Franco dictatorship November 20th marks the 50th anniversary of the death of dictator Francisco Franco, and for 65.5% of Spaniards, the years of the dictatorship were "very bad or bad," while for 21.3%, they were "good or very good." 6.1% believe they were "average." 74.6% say that, overall, the current democratic regime is "much better or better" than the Franco dictatorship, while 17.3% consider the current democratic regime to be "worse or much worse." Problems in Spain The main problem currently facing Spain, according to those surveyed, is housing (37.1%), followed by immigration, which is the main problem for 20.5%, and problems related to the quality of employment, which is the main problem for 18.3%. The issues that most affect them personally are housing (26.2%), the economic crisis and financial problems (24%), and healthcare (22.3%). Personal and general economic situation 66% of Spaniards consider their current personal financial situation to be "very good or good," compared to 21.2% who say it is "bad or very bad." Regarding Spain's overall economic situation, 40% consider it "good or very good," compared to 54.2% who consider it "bad or very bad." These and other data are collected in the barometer conducted from October 1 to 7 with 4,029 interviews.

On October 13, at 12:30 p.m., the preview of the results of the 'Barómetro de octubre 2025' will be available to all media and interested people on the website of the Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (www.cis.es). For any questions, the Communication telephone number is 91 580 76 25 / 664 470 083.

On October 8 , at 12:30 p.m., the preliminary results of the Consumer Confidence Index ( CCI ) will be available to all media and interested parties on the website of the Center for Sociological Research (www.cis.es). The ICC monthly assesses recent developments and expectations of Spanish consumers regarding their household finances, employment, and their savings and spending possibilities. For any questions, please call the Communications office at 91 580 76 25 / 664 470 083.

Study 3527 ' Civil Protection (III) ' is now available. The microdata file, marginal and cross-reference reports, and technical documentation are available. You can access this study from the Study Catalog search engine or directly through the link below.

The CIS (Spanish National Institute of Statistics and Census) and the Institute for Energy Diversification and Saving (IDAE), affiliated with the Ministry for Ecological Transition and the Demographic Challenge, have signed an agreement to jointly conduct a study on the energy transition in Spain and public perceptions of the implications of this far-reaching socioeconomic transformation. The barometer will conclude its work by the end of 2026. Its results will guide the development of new public policies for a socially just transition, taking advantage of all the benefits associated with Spain's renewable energy potential and promoting the reindustrialization and decarbonization of economic activity. The director general of the CIS, Silvia García, stated that this study "is very important because it allows us to put a topic such as the ecological transition on the table for research, and thus find out what society thinks about it." She also stated that "this agreement reaffirms the recognition and prestige that institutions have for the research work that the CIS can contribute." "This sociological knowledge, based on rigorous statistical data, is essential if we want to understand firsthand what citizens think and, based on that, improve the design of existing support instruments and seek innovative solutions to facilitate a more active role for citizens in the energy transition," emphasizes Miguel Rodrigo, Director General of IDAE. Interviews and discussion groups Through thousands of telephone interviews scheduled in three waves, the study will assess the level of knowledge, understanding, and interest among Spanish society regarding issues such as the deployment of green energy, self-consumption, and the electrification of transportation. Five discussion groups will also be formed—one in Madrid and the rest in four other autonomous communities—to delve into specific aspects related to the energy transformation, with particular attention to public perceptions of issues such as electric mobility, energy efficiency and savings, among others. The barometer will be completed and its results submitted to the IDAE by November 30, 2026. The estimated cost is €355,000, of which the Institute will cover 70%, while the CIS will assume the remaining percentage. The agreement between the two public entities may be extended for annual periods up to a total of four additional years.

Ya está disponible el estudio 11009 'Estudio cualitativo sobre las emociones'. Tienen a su disposición las transcripciones y la documentación técnica. Pueden acceder a este estudio, desde el buscador del Catálogo de Estudios o directamente a través del enlace indicado abajo.

Geneva Business School students visited the CIS facilities. Chief of Staff Óscar Iglesias showed them the institution's 60th anniversary exhibition and the center's facilities. The students, who are studying the Master of International Management, were able to see how the CIS works and the work carried out by the center's specialists.  

Study 3524 ' September 2025 Barometer ' is now available. The microdata file, marginal and cross-reference reports, and technical documentation are available. You can access this study from the Study Catalog search engine or directly through the link below.

The CIS has conducted its third survey on civil protection, which asks about forest fire management and the assistance services available to combat them. 69.7% believe the number of forest fires will increase in the coming years, while 13.2% think they will remain the same. 9.6% believe there will be fewer fires. 13.2% of those surveyed say they have been affected by a fire this year. Of these, 33.6% say they reacted to the fire with "confusion and anxiety," 28.4% with "fear and more moderate apprehension," and 28.3% with "calmness." Regarding how the fire has affected them, 57.1% say they have experienced "limitations or disruptions to services or infrastructure, such as schools, roads, or utilities"; 51.1% say that "their town or surrounding area has suffered material or personal damage," and 28.4% "have had to wear a mask in their town." 43.8% of Spaniards say they have a "low or very low" level of knowledge about how to behave in a forest fire, while 32% say their knowledge is "very high or high." Reasons for the fires 90.3% believe the increase in the number of fires is due to the lack of clearing and maintenance of the area's forests; 86.6% believe it is due to the abandonment of traditional practices that maintained the forest's balance; and 77.4% believe the cause is rural depopulation. Fire management 55.1% of those surveyed are convinced that the most important aspect of fire management is prevention; 43.5% believe that prevention is as important as extinguishing fires, and only 0.8% say extinguishing fires is more important. Regarding management, 54.3% believe their autonomous community, on its own, is "little or not at all prepared" to deal with forest fires, while 36.8% believe their community is "very or fairly prepared." 80.8% agree that it is preferable for their autonomous community's fire prevention and extinguishing services to be public, while 7.8% prefer to hire private companies. 5.3% agree that a mixed model is best. Necessary actions 98.3% of Spaniards believe that cleaning, pruning, and clearing before fires must be improved, 97.9% say that fire prevention services must be improved, and 93.9% believe that the working conditions of fire prevention and extinguishing personnel must be improved. Mobile notification 94.3% consider it useful to receive a mobile alert in the event of an extraordinary emergency in their area. These and other data are collected in this survey conducted from September 8 to 12 with 3,004 interviews.

Study 3520, the "Consumer Confidence Index (CCI), July 2025," is now available. The microdata file, marginal and cross-reference reports, and technical documentation are available. You can access this study from the Study Catalog search engine or directly through the link below.

On September 24 , at 12:30 p.m. , the preliminary results of the study "Civil Protection (III)" will be available to all media and interested parties on the website of the Center for Sociological Research (www.cis.es). For any questions, please call the Communications office at 91 580 76 25 / 664 470 083.

Study 3518 'Public opinion and fiscal policy (XLII)' is now available. The microdata file, marginal and cross-reference reports, and technical documentation are available. You can access this study from the Study Catalog search engine or directly through the link below.

Study 3521 'Tourism and Gastronomy (III)' is now available. The microdata file, marginal and cross-reference reports, and technical documentation are available. You can access this study from the Study Catalog search engine or directly through the link below.

The CIS conducted its monthly survey with the usual questions about voting intentions, assessments of leaders, and other current issues such as this summer's forest fires and banking services, among others. In September, the PSOE is expected to achieve an estimated 32.7% of the vote, while the Popular Party is projected to obtain 23.7%, VOX 17.3%, Sumar 7.9%, and Podemos 4.3%. Pedro Sánchez is the highest-rated political leader with an average score of 4.23, followed by Yolanda Díaz with 4.13; Alberto Núñez Feijóo with 3.55; and Santiago Abascal with 2.93. Regarding preference for Prime Minister, Pedro Sánchez is the favorite for 39.8% of those surveyed, ahead by 22.5 points over Santiago Abascal (17.3%), Alberto Núñez Feijóo (15.5%), Yolanda Díaz (7.8%), and Isabel Díaz Ayuso (5.2%). Banking procedures 72.5% of Spaniards admit to using an ATM to conduct banking transactions, another 72.5% use online banking or their bank's app, and 60.7% use a branch or bank office. Among people who have never used online banking to carry out transactions, 61.8% prefer to go to the bank in person or call by phone and speak to an employee, 49.7% admit that they do not know how to use these services, 38.3% fear that their data will be stolen or that they may be victims of fraud, and 33.2% do not know how to use a mobile phone, computer or tablet to access online banking or the application. Regarding the services offered by bank branches, 67.3% say that a branch employee accompanies them to the ATM if necessary, 23.2% say their bank branch has systems adapted to serve people over 65, 24.4% say their bank offers preferential service for people over 65, and 24.5% have had to change branches due to the closure of their previous branch. Fires 65.1% of Spaniards admit they are very concerned about fires, 29.8% say they are quite concerned, and 4.8% say they are "little or not at all." Furthermore, 8.8% of those surveyed say they have been affected by the fires. 69% say they or someone in their family could be affected by fires in the future. 41.1% believe that the primary responsibility for preventing fires should remain with the autonomous communities; however, 37.9% believe they should be with the central government. Only 8.7% believe they should be with both. 75.1% say a broad state pact between all political forces is necessary to address climate change emergencies. Problems in Spain The main problem currently facing Spain, according to those surveyed, is housing (30.4%), followed by immigration, which is the main problem for 20.7%, and problems related to the quality of employment, which is the main problem for 17.1%. When asked about the problems that personally affect respondents, the economic crisis and economic problems are in first place for 24%, housing (23.1%) and healthcare in third place for 19.4%. Economic situation 65.3% of Spaniards consider their current personal financial situation to be very good or good, compared to 21.2% who say it is bad or very bad. When asked about Spain's overall economic situation, 33.5% consider it very good or good, compared to 55% who say it is very bad or bad. These and other data are collected in the barometer conducted from September 1 to 6 with 4,122 interviews.

On September 11 , at 12:30 p.m. , the preliminary results of the 'September 2025 Barometer' will be available to all media and interested parties on the website of the Center for Sociological Research (www.cis.es). For any questions, please call the Communications office at 91 580 76 25 / 664 470 083.

In July, consumer confidence stood at 82.9 points, 6.8 points higher than the previous month. This month-on-month increase in the index is due to the positive performance of its two components: on the one hand, the assessment of the current situation rose 6.2 points, and on the other, the assessment of future expectations increased 7.4 points compared to June. The current situation assessment index reached 81.8 points this month, an increase of 6.2 points compared to last June. This represents a rise in relative terms, reflecting the positive monthly performance of its three components: the assessment of the economic situation rose 6.4 points compared to June, reaching 67.9 points; the assessment of the household situation rose 5.2 points to 91.6 points in July; and the assessment of the labor market reached 85.8 points, an increase of 7 points compared to June. The Expectations Index reached 84.1 points this July, 7.4 points higher than the figure recorded in June, representing a 9.7% increase in relative terms. This result is due to the positive performance of its three components: the assessment of the future development of the economy, at 74 points, represents a rise of 9.5 points compared to June; the assessment of the future situation of households increased by 3.5 points, reaching 102.8 points; and expectations about the future of the labor market grew by 9.3 points, reaching 75.5 points this July. The CIS ICC data are based on a representative sample of the Spanish population consisting of 2,433 interviews conducted between July 21 and 24.