Latest news from the CIS

Study 3498, "Consumer Confidence Index (CCI), February 2025," is now available. The microdata file, marginal and cross-reference reports, and technical documentation are available. You can access this study from the Study Catalog search engine or directly through the link below.

On March 21 , starting at 12:30 p.m. , the study " Artificial Intelligence" will be available to all media and interested parties on the website of the Center for Sociological Research (www.cis.es). You can access this study from the CIS website via the "Study Catalog." For any questions, please call the Communications office at 91 580 76 25 / 664 470 083.

El CIS ha realizado la segunda encuesta sobre protección civil en el que se pregunta por la gestión de catástrofes, servicios de ayuda y los objetivos de desarrollo sostenible de la Agenda 2030. El 94,3% de los encuestados considera útil que ante una emergencia extraordinaria o catástrofe se le envíe un aviso a su móvil como forma de prevención.  Para reducir el riesgo de desastres en España, el 97,3% cree que es “muy o bastante necesario” utilizar los sistemas de alertas tempranas a nivel nacional, regional y local, para que los mensajes lleguen a las personas a tiempo. Un 96,8% asegura que es “muy o bastante necesario” mejorar la capacidad de respuesta de los distintos servicios de intervención y de ayuda: bomberos, UME (Unidad Militar de Emergencia), Policía, apoyo sanitario, etc. Y destacar también que un 93,4% está a favor de crear o fortalecer los organismos de prevención y gestión de las catástrofes y emergencias a nivel local y autonómico. Un 71,2% de españoles asegura que el número o intensidad de catástrofes naturales en España aumentará en los próximos años. Y el 61,3% afirma que ese aumento e intensidad está relacionado con el cambio climático.  Servicios mejor valorados Ante una situación de catástrofe o emergencia, el 89,8% los encuestados confían mucho o bastante en los servicios sanitarios; en segundo lugar, en la Unidad Militar de Emergencia -UME-(96,8%) y, en tercer lugar, en el servicio de emergencias 112 para el 84,4%.  Preocupación ante una posible catástrofe Ante la posibilidad de verse afectado por una catástrofe, el 59,4% de los encuestados asegura que lo que más les preocupa sería una relacionada con la violencia (un atentado terrorista, conflicto bélico). Un 53,5% afirma estar “muy o bastante preocupado” por ciberataques a una institución: un hospital o banco y un 52,2% dice que a una catástrofe de índole natural como son las sequías, olas de calor, incendios forestales, temporales, inundaciones o terremotos. Un 48,3% de los encuestados asegura que a lo largo de su vida se han visto afectados por algún tipo de catástrofe.  Al preguntar a los encuestados cuál cree que es la catástrofe que puede vivir en su municipio, el 62,3% cree que lo más probable es una pandemia o epidemia como la COVID o la gripe aviar. A nivel de comunidad autónoma, los españoles ven más probable que el desastre sea de tipo natural, como una inundación o una sequía.  Sobre el tipo de catástrofes que más han afectado a los encuestados, el 29,1% mencionan la COVID, las inundaciones o riadas (10,2%) y temporales, como la dana o nevadas, al 6,2%. En cuanto al grado de conocimiento ante una situación de emergencia, el 49,8% asegura que es “alto o muy alto”, el 37,6% “bajo o muy bajo” y un 4,5% señala que es nulo. La reacción a una catástrofe El 17,5% dice que su reacción ante una situación así “fue de miedo o temor, pero moderada y con conducta razonable”, el 14,2% afirma que fue de “desconcierto e intranquilidad” y un 5,3% asegura que lo vivió con “tranquilidad”.  El 22,2% de los españoles afirma que lo primero que hizo ante la situación de catástrofe fue reunirse o refugiarse en casa y estar pendiente de las noticias, un 8,1% ayudar a familiares, vecinos/as y/u otra gente afectada, y 6,1% buscar información en medios de comunicación, redes sociales, etc. El 23,5% asegura que las autoridades y organismos públicos (gobiernos, bomberos, policía, etc.) son la fuente más fiable para informarse, el 20,5% afirma que la televisión, el 20% la radio y un 12% las redes sociales.  Agenda 2030 El 59,7% de los españoles asegura que ha oído hablar de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de la Agenda 2030. Y de ellos, un 39,6% afirma que tiene un grado de conocimiento alto sobre el tema.  Un 75,3% está convencido de que el reemplazo de combustibles fósiles como el petróleo, por las energías renovables pueden producir nuevas oportunidades para las empresas. Y, además, un 74,2% cree que generarán empleos.       

On March 19 , at 12:30 p.m. , the preliminary results of the study "Civil Protection (II)" will be available to all media and interested parties on the website of the Center for Sociological Research (www.cis.es). For any questions, please call the Communications office at 91 580 76 25 / 664 470 083.

The CIS conducted its monthly survey with the usual questions, including voting intentions, assessments of leaders, international conflicts, and Donald Trump's presidency in the United States, among other issues. In March, the PSOE (Spanish Socialist Workers' Party) is projected to reach 34.5% of the estimated vote, followed by the Popular Party (PP) with 29.2%. Vox is projected to achieve 11.7%; Sumar is projected to achieve 7.6%; and Podemos is projected to achieve 3.8%. Assessment of political leaders and preference as president Pedro Sánchez is the highest-rated politician with an average score of 4.12, followed by Yolanda Díaz with 3.88; Alberto Núñez Feijóo with 3.78; and Santiago Abascal with 2.77. Regarding preference for Prime Minister, Pedro Sánchez is the favorite for 44.8% of those surveyed, ahead by 26.7 points over Alberto Núñez Feijóo (18.1%), Santiago Abascal (11.3%), Isabel Díaz Ayuso (9%), and Yolanda Díaz (5.6%). Defence capacity and creation of a common army in the European Union 57.8% of the population believes that the European Union lacks the capacity to defend itself against aggression from other countries. Seventy-five percent of voters are in favor of the EU increasing its own defense capacity. By age group, those aged 55 to 64 are most in favor of increasing defense capacity (77.9%), followed by young people aged 18 to 24 (77.3%). Based on vote recall, PP voters are the most likely to believe the EU should increase its own defense capacity (90.6%), followed by Vox voters (79.5%) and PSOE voters (76.3%). 67.8% of Spaniards are in favor of creating a common army within the European Union. By political party, PSOE voters are the most in favor of creating a European army (76.2%); among the PP, 75.7%. US-European Union Relations 77.2% of respondents believe that the relationship between the United States and the European Union will change since Donald Trump returned to the presidency. Only 11.8% believe it will remain as it was. Regarding how this change will affect the EU, 62.1% believe it will be "bad or very bad" for the European Union, and 48.6% believe it will be "bad or very bad" for the United States. Eleven percent say it will be "very positive or positive" for the EU, and 20.9% believe it will be "very positive or positive" for the United States. 65.9% say they are "very or quite concerned" about Russia's invasion of Ukraine, while 18.9% say they are "a little or not at all concerned." Regarding the war in the Middle East, 60.4% say they are "very or quite concerned," while 20.1% say they care "a little or not at all." 74.9% of citizens are currently very or quite concerned about climate change, while 27.2% say they are slightly or not at all concerned. Problems in Spain The main problem currently facing Spain, according to those surveyed, is housing (28.4%), followed by the economic crisis, which is the main problem for 20.4%, and unemployment in third place for 20.4%. When asked about the problems that personally affect respondents, the economic crisis and economic problems are in first place for 30.9%, housing in second place (21.8%) and healthcare in third place for 21%. Economic situation 63.2% of Spaniards consider their current personal financial situation to be very good or good, compared to 25.5% who say it is bad or very bad. When asked about Spain's overall economic situation, 36.1% consider it very good or good, compared to 55% who say it is very bad or bad. These and other data are collected in the barometer conducted from February 28 to March 7 with 4,018 interviews.        

On March 17 , at 12:30 p.m. , the preliminary results of the 'March 2025 Barometer' will be available to all media and interested parties on the website of the Center for Sociological Research (www.cis.es). For any questions, please call the Communications office at 91 580 76 25 / 664 470 083.

Consumer confidence stands at 81.4 points, which is 2.9 points higher than the figure for February last year. This increase in the index is due to the evolution of its two components: on the one hand, the assessment of the current situation rises 6.4 points compared to February 2024, and on the other, the assessment of expectations, which stands at 85.8 points. In percentage terms, the year-on-year growth of the ICC has been 3.8% since February of last year, as a result of a 9.1% increase in the assessment of the current situation and a 0.6% decrease in the assessment of expectations over the past twelve months. The current situation assessment index reached 77.1 points this month, an increase of 6.4 points compared to the figure obtained in February 2024. This represents a 9.1% increase in the index. This result is due to the positive year-over-year trend across its three components: the assessment of the economic situation has increased by 9.3 points, the assessment of the household situation has increased by 6.1 points over the last year, and the labor market options are rated 3.9 points higher than in February of last year. In relative terms, the assessment of the economic situation has grown by 16.5%, the increase in the assessment of the household situation over the last year is 7.5%, and the assessment of the current employment situation is 5.3% higher than the assessment for February 2024. The Expectations Index reached 85.8 points this February, 0.5 points lower than a year ago. In terms of its components, compared to February of last year, expectations about the country's economic situation fell by 1.8 points and expectations regarding the future of employment fell slightly by 0.2 points over the last twelve months, while households' assessment of the future situation grew by 0.5 points. In relative terms, expectations regarding the general economic situation decreased by 2.4%, households' assessment of the future increased by 0.5%, and their assessment of the future of the labor market decreased by 0.2% compared to February 2024. The CIS ICC data are based on a representative sample of the Spanish population of 3,020 interviews conducted between February 14 and 21, 2025.

On March 13 , at 12:30 p.m., the preliminary results of the Consumer Confidence Index ( CCI ) will be available to all media and interested parties on the website of the Center for Sociological Research (www.cis.es). The ICC monthly assesses recent developments and expectations of Spanish consumers regarding their household finances, employment, and their savings and spending possibilities. For any questions, please call the Communications office at 91 580 76 25 / 664 470 083.

Study 3501 'Sexual and Couple Relationships' is now available. The microdata file, marginal and cross-reference reports, and technical documentation are available. You can access this study from the Study Catalog search engine or directly through the link below.

The president of the Council of State, Carmen Calvo, accompanied the president of the CIS, José Félix Tezanos, at the closing ceremony of the 4th Conference on the Sociology of Gender. Tezanos emphasized the importance of women in sociology and thanked sociologists Constanza Tobiío and Capitolina Díaz for their efforts and work within the organization "for rewriting sociology." The president of the institution also highlighted that "four women have received the National Sociology Award in the last six years," something that had not happened before. Carmen Calvo asserted that "feminism is currently within the structures, contributing as much as it can," and recalled the debate surrounding the creation of the Ministry of Equality. The president also asserted that much remains to be done in the area of equality. She also highlighted "fascism's reaction to denying gender violence" as another of the current problems. This second day of the conference focused on political participation and women. María Belén Romero, Director of the Database, coordinated this panel, which included Ángel Belzunegui, Professor of Sociology, Carmen Ortega, and Gema Sánchez, Director of the Complutense Institute of Administrative Sciences.

Study 11008 ' Qualitative Study on Education I ' is now available. Transcripts and technical documentation are available. You can access this study from the Study Catalog search engine or directly through the link below.

The first day of the conference on "Women and Politics" was opened by Research Director Silvia García Ramos, who explained that "it's not enough to occupy spaces; it's essential to transform structures so that women's presence in politics brings about real change in decision-making on public agendas." The first presentation was led by Barbara Risman, a professor in the Department of Sociology at Illinois, who focused her talk on gender equality and non-binary categories. She was accompanied by Capitolina Díaz, a professor of sociology. Risman explained that "non-binary people face many obstacles in society." Rosario H. Sánchez, Director of Publications and Professor, presented the book "Dilemmas of Masculinity" by Mirra Komarovsky. The director was accompanied by Professor Constanza Tobío, Professor Mercedes Alcañiz, and CSIC scientist Ana María Gonzalo.      

Study 3496 'February 2025 Barometer' is now available. The microdata file, marginal and cross-reference reports, and technical documentation are available. You can access this study from the Study Catalog search engine or directly through the link below.

Study 3493 'Ageism' is now available. The microdata file, marginal and cross-reference reports, and technical documentation are available. You can access this study from the Study Catalog search engine or directly through the link below.

Study 3494, "Consumer Confidence Index (CCI), January 2025," is now available. The microdata file, marginal and cross-reference reports, and technical documentation are available. You can access this study from the Study Catalog search engine or directly through the link below.

The presentation ceremony will be led by Silvia García, Director of Research at the CIS. The first day of the conference will focus on "Gender Equality, Feminism, and Non-Binary Categories," with the participation of Capitolina Díaz, Professor of Sociology, and Barbara Risman, Associate Professor at the University of Illinois. The book "Dilemmas of Masculinity" by Mirra Komarovsky will also be presented. This presentation will be led by Rosario H. Sánchez, Director of Publications at the CIS, and will include speakers such as Constanza Tobío, Professor of Sociology, Mercedes Alcañiz, and Ana María González, a CSIC scientist. The second day of the conference will focus on "Political Participation and Women," with speakers including María Belén Romero, Director of the Database, Ángel Belzunegui, Professor Carmen Ortega, and Gema Sánchez, Director of the Complutense Institute of Administrative Sciences. The closing ceremony will be led by the president of the CIS, José Félix Tezanos, and the president of the Council of State, Carmen Calvo. Here you will find all the information you need to attend the conference .    

Nearly 80% of the population aged 18 and over uses primary care services, and 83.1% of these individuals positively rate the care received, according to the Global Health Barometer conducted by the CIS in collaboration with the Ministry of Health. In turn, 43.4% had seen a specialist in the past year, and 81.8% positively rate the care received. Ten percent reported at least one admission to a public hospital in the past year, and 87.9% of patients positively rate the way they were treated. Improvements have been seen in digital health and the use of various online services, as 40.1% of respondents reported having accessed their electronic medical records online at some point; 44.4% are aware that doctors can consult their medical information in a different autonomous community; and 60% are aware that they can pick up medications at any pharmacy in the country with an electronic prescription. The level of satisfaction with the Spanish public healthcare system (whether or not it has been used) remained stable in 2024, with a score of 6.28 out of 10, and citizens continued to show a clear preference for public centers in the four healthcare areas analyzed. This assessment consolidates the trend observed in 2023 and confirms the stabilization of public opinion on the National Health System after the decline recorded in 2022 compared to pre-pandemic levels in 2019 (6.74). The 2024 Health Barometer reveals that emergency services, both 061 and 112, along with admissions and care in public hospitals, are the most highly rated by the population, with scores of 7.43 and 7.16 out of 10, respectively. Regarding primary care, the rating of consultations with family doctors in health centers reaches 6.29 points, while primary care emergency services obtain 6.34 points. Overall, 55% of the population has a positive opinion of the functioning of the Spanish healthcare system, compared to 15.6% who believe it needs profound changes. Regarding the waiting list situation, 47.4% believe it has remained the same, 35.6% believe it has worsened, and 8.3% believe it has improved. User evaluation Eighty percent of Spanish adults used primary care services last year, and the vast majority (83.1%) positively rated the care they received, highlighting the trust and security the professionals instilled. Regarding wait times, 22.3% of patients were seen on the same day or the day after their appointment; for the rest, the average wait was 8.7 days. In the last year, 43.4% of those surveyed visited a specialist, and 81.8% rated the care they received positively, reflecting the trust and security the doctors instilled and the information they received about their health problem. Of these, 38.3% had been referred by their primary care physician, and 38% had to wait three months or more to see a specialist. Ten percent reported at least one admission to a public hospital in the past year. 87.9% of patients rated the care they received positively. The most highly rated aspects were the care provided by medical and nursing professionals. The National Health System's emergency services are rated positively by 75.2% of those who used them in the last year. Primary care emergency services handled 39.2% of the demand during this period, and hospital emergency services handled 54%. According to data from the 2024 Health Barometer, 18.2% of people needed a consultation for a mental health problem; half were treated in public healthcare, with a positive assessment from 80.4%, and the other half in private healthcare. Public centers The Health Barometer reveals a clear preference among Spaniards for public healthcare. Given the choice, the majority would opt for public centers at all levels of care: primary care, specialized care, hospitalization, and emergency services. This preference remains at similar levels to previous years, with 69.9% of the population choosing a public center for primary care and 56.9% for specialist consultations. However, the increase in preference for public healthcare for hospital admissions and emergencies since the pandemic is notable: preference for public healthcare for hospital admissions has increased from 69.8% in 2019 to 76.1% in 2024, while for emergencies it has risen from 66.9% in 2019 to 72.5% in 2024. Despite this clear general preference for public healthcare, specialist consultations are the area where private healthcare is most widely accepted, with 40.1% of the population choosing this option. Coordination and accessibility 45.1% of the population has a positive assessment of the coordination between primary care and hospital services involved in their care. The degree of agreement with the protective aspects of vaccines is very high, both for the person being vaccinated (90.2%) and for the people they live with (90.4%). However, 37% believe they can cause adverse health effects. 40.1% of those interviewed reported having accessed their electronic medical records online at some point; 44.4% were aware that doctors in a different autonomous community could access their medical information; and 60% were aware that they could pick up medications at any pharmacy in the country with an electronic prescription. Equity in public health This edition of the barometer explores the public's perception of equal treatment in the healthcare system, revisiting a question previously asked in 2016 and 2019. Socioeconomic status, country of origin, age, and legal status in Spain are the aspects where greater equality is perceived in the provision of services, and they are not identified as reasons for inequity. On the other hand, 38.7% of the population perceives that patients are treated unequally depending on their autonomous community of residence, and 35.5% also believe that each person's handling of new technologies can influence inequalities in the treatment received by the healthcare system. Coverage Ninety-nine percent of those interviewed reported having their healthcare covered through public funding. This percentage includes those enrolled in the NHS and those who report belonging to civil servant mutual funds, both those whose service provider is the NHS and those who report having a private provider, given that, in all cases, their funding is supported by public funds. 23.2% report having private health insurance purchased individually (by themselves or a family member) and 9.4% purchased through their employer. There has been an increase in the number of people reporting having private insurance in recent years. These and other data can be found on the CIS website (www.cis.es).  

Study 8824 ' Health Barometer 2024 (Total waves) ' is now available. The microdata file, marginal and cross-reference reports, and technical documentation are available. You can access this study from the Study Catalog search engine or directly through the link below.

On February 28 , at 12:30 p.m., the preliminary results of the Consumer Confidence Index ( CCI ) will be available to all media and interested parties on the website of the Center for Sociological Research (www.cis.es). The ICC monthly assesses recent developments and expectations of Spanish consumers regarding their household finances, employment, and their savings and spending possibilities. For any questions, please call the Communications office at 91 580 76 25 / 664 470 083.

The CIS (National Center for Statistics) conducted a study on sexual and relationship relationships. 63.1% of respondents agreed that having a partner is "very or quite important" for a satisfying life, while 34% believe it is "slightly or not at all important." Among young people between 18 and 24 years of age, 49.6% considered it "slightly or not at all important." Sexual relations 76.9% say it's "very or quite important" to have sex for a satisfying life. This percentage differs between men and women, with 84.8% of men and 69.4% of women thinking this way. Conversely, 21.3% believe it's "not very or not at all important" to have sex. 84.9% say they "strongly agree or somewhat agree" that anything goes in a sexual relationship, as long as both partners are in complete agreement. A further 78.2% "strongly or somewhat agree" that there is still a lot of prejudice and secrecy surrounding sex in our society. And 62.6% believe that throughout life a person can change their sexual preferences and have relationships with women or men. Infidelity 64.5% consider "having heated conversations via text messages, phone calls, or social media" to be infidelity. This is the opinion of 58.1% of men and 70.6% of women. By age, the highest percentage is found among young people between 18 and 24 years old (83.5%), and the lowest among those over 65 (52.3%). There is consensus that “having sexual and emotional relationships with another person” constitutes unfaithfulness for 91.5% of the population. For 76.3% of Spaniards, having sex through social media without face-to-face contact is also considered infidelity, and the idea of "kissing another person on the lips" is more closely related. For 53% of Spaniards, this is considered unfaithful, and for 42.9%, it is not. Regarding the number of relationships, 28.3% of respondents said they had only had one relationship, 19.3% said they had two partners throughout their lives, 18.5% said they had three partners, and 11.7% said they had four partners. Sexual experiences Regarding sexual practices, the most repeated is vaginal penetration (92.4%), followed by kissing and caressing with another person (86.4%), in third place, masturbation (80.3%) and among the most repeated is also oral sex (78.1%). 23.3% of respondents say they've slept with between 5 and 10 people, 22.5% say they've only slept with one person, and 12.3% say they've slept with between 11 and 20 people. And 9.6% say they've slept with between 21 and 100 people. Degree of satisfaction Of those surveyed who have had at least one sexual experience in their lives, 30.5% say they are "very satisfied" with their sex life, 42.8% say they are "fairly satisfied," while 21.1% say they are "slightly or not at all satisfied." Four percent say they don't currently have a sex life. And as for the terms used to define or identify themselves, 85.4% of those who participated in the survey consider themselves heterosexual, 5.9% say they are bisexual, and 2.8% say they are homosexual. These and other data are collected in the study on "Sexual and Relationships," which was conducted from January 22 to 30 and included a sample of 3,856 interviews.