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Según el barómetro de febrero del CIS, el PSOE lograría ahora el 32,6% de votos, el PP se quedaría en el 22,9%, VOX en el 18,9%, SUMAR en el 7% y Podemos en el 3,9%. Pedro Sánchez es el líder político mejor valorado con una puntuación media de 4,23; seguido de Yolanda Díaz que logra un 3,97; Alberto Núñez Feijóo obtiene un 3,45; y Santiago Abascal un 2,97. Pedro Sánchez es el favorito como presidente del Gobierno para el 39,7% de los encuestados que dan su opinión, sacando 23,7 puntos de ventaja a Santiago Abascal que lo es para el 16% y se sitúa en segunda posición por delante de Alberto Núñez Feijóo, que es el preferido para el 15,6%, Gabriel Rufián para el 6,6%, Isabel Díaz Ayuso para el 5,3% y Yolanda Díaz para el 4,9%. Constitución de 1978: la más longeva de la historia de España La Constitución española de 1978 que, en este febrero, se ha convertido en la de mayor duración en la Historia de España (algo que sabía el 49,2% de los españoles), es considerada por el 82,3% como una Constitución que ha contribuido al desarrollo de los derechos sociales en España, a la prosperidad económica y las mejoras de los empleos en España (75,3%), y a que España tenga un papel más destacado en Europa y en el mundo (71,6%). El 37,3% confía en que la Constitución pueda ayudar a resolver los problemas que tenemos actualmente, en tanto que un 58,1% no confía en que pueda ser así. Lo más significativo de la actual Constitución para los españoles son cuestiones positivas. En primer lugar “que garantiza la libertad” (31.8%), seguido de “que permite resolver los conflictos por medios pacíficos” (21,2%), y “que se aprobó por acuerdo de casi todos” (15,6%). Un 84,3% cree que la actual Constitución española necesita en estos momentos de alguna reforma, de los cuales un 66,5% piensa que son precisas reformas importantes, y un 32,1% pequeñas reformas. En cuanto a los aspectos en los que se piensa que son necesarias reformas, señalan “en derechos sociales, económicos y laborales”, un 22,1% en primer lugar, y un 14,5% en segundo lugar; seguido a bastante distancia “en el modelo de Estado (Monarquía vs República), con un 10,9% en primer lugar y un 5,6% en segundo lugar, lo que supone solo un 13,8% del total de encuestados, indicando que el 86,2% restante no plantea esta cuestión. A continuación, se mencionan las cuestiones territoriales (10,1% y 6,2%), las garantías de transparencia de la actividad política (8% y 5,3%), los asuntos relacionados con la Justicia y los derechos de defensa (7,3% y 5,2%), la participación y el sistema electoral (7,1% y 4,47%), y los derechos y libertades de los ciudadanos (5,7% y 5,6%). Sin embargo, se registra menos sensibilidad pública en materias muy relevantes y de mucha actualidad, como inmigración (2,5% y 2,6%), igualdad de hombres y mujeres (2,2% y 1,6%), nuevas tecnologías (0,6% y 0,3%) y cuestiones relacionadas con la articulación europea (0,2% y 0,3%) o el medio ambiente (0,2% y 0,3%). Trump y la geopolítica A su vez, en el plano internacional los datos del CIS indican que el 76,5% de los españoles tiene, en estos momentos, una opinión “mala o muy mala” sobre el actual presidente de los Estados Unidos de América, Donald Trump, en tanto que un 15,7% tiene una opinión “muy buena o buena” y un 3,8% “regular”. Sobre la pretensión de Donald Trump de hacerse con Groenlandia, el 83,5% está en contra. Además, el 79,5% considera que Trump supone un peligro para la paz mundial. Respecto a las detenciones, agresiones de migrantes y otros actos de violencia, el 67,4% asegura que se está poniendo en peligro la democracia en los propios Estados Unidos. Problemas en España El principal problema de España, según los encuestados, es la vivienda (42,8%), seguido de la inmigración (20,3%), y la crisis económica y problemas de índole económico (18,1%). Los problemas que los españoles consideran que más les afectan de manera personal son la vivienda (27,6%), que escala a primera posición respecto al mes pasado; la economía (25,8%), y la sanidad (22,9%). Situación económica personal y general El 63,5% de los españoles considera que su situación económica personal es en la actualidad “muy buena o buena” frente al 26,2% que afirma que esta es “mala o muy mala”. En cuanto a la situación económica general de España, el 37,6% la considera “buena o muy buena” frente a un 55,4% que la considera “mala o muy mala”. Invasión de Rusia a Ucrania y guerra en Oriente Próximo Un 70,7% de los encuestados se sienten “muy o bastante preocupados” con la invasión de Rusia a Ucrania, un 15,4% dice que “poco o nada” y un 11,6% se muestra “algo preocupado”. En cuanto a la guerra en Oriente Próximo, un 66,2% se sienten “muy o bastante preocupados”, un 16% asegura que les preocupa “poco o nada” y un 15,6% dicen sentir “algo” de preocupación. Estos y otros datos se encuentran recogidos en el barómetro realizado del 2 al 6 de febrero con 4.027 entrevistas.

On Monday, January 9, the solemn presentation of the 2025 National Prize for Sociology and Political Science, awarded by the Center for Sociological Research, took place in the auditorium of the Royal Collections Gallery. Capitolina Díaz Martínez , Professor of Sociology at the University of Valencia and the first woman in Spain to study Sociology of Science from a gender perspective, received recognition from His Majesty the King for an intense career of academic and research excellence. In an event led by the Director General of Coordination and Research of the CIS, Silvia García Ramos , the President of the Center for Sociological Research, Jose Félix Tezanos, began his speech by recalling that just eight years ago, in 2018, there was not a single woman who had been distinguished with the National Sociology Prize. Thanks to her personal efforts, the award has since been given to five women: “ They are highly specialized academics in specific areas of Gender Sociology. Their works and research constitute seminal contributions to fields related to the gender policies being promoted in contemporary societies. Therefore, it is important to emphasize that this body of contributions forms a set of innovations and contributions to current Sociology that could in itself constitute a major Treatise on Gender Sociology, allowing us to fully understand what has happened, what is happening—and what needs to happen—in the dynamics of our societies,” Tezanos stated.   The president of the CIS also wished to express his gratitude for the support of His Majesty the King, “who year after year honors us with his presence and his example of commitment to the Sciences and the Arts, and to the most relevant conditions for political coexistence for all and among all. A King who has been fulfilling his role with a high sense of institutionalism, which is also reflected in the sincere recognition of Spanish sociologists and political scientists.” In her laudatory speech for the award recipient, Professor Constanza Tobío highlighted the originality of Capitolina Díaz's thinking, which she termed "sociological imagination," as well as her enthusiasm and tenacity. She praised Díaz's contribution to rescuing the legacy of women sociologists of the past and focused on one of her most original and forward-thinking lines of research: the analysis of gender biases in the application of digital technology and now, artificial intelligence. And then came the moment for the honoree's speech, which already promised much with its suggestive title: "The Social Epiphany of Women and Its Consequences for Sociology." Capitolina Díaz began by thanking and celebrating the support and inspiration of all those men and women who helped solidify her career , and who even shaped her future when she was a student and later a young professor. The award winner reviewed how science excluded women with the acquiescence of brilliant minds and their marginalized status in countless fields, including health, with surprising examples.   And yet, at the end of that analysis, she left us with a cry of positivity: “How dare I proclaim that the women’s revolution is successful? Don’t I see the inequality that still diminishes us? (…) The feminist revolution has consisted of more than two centuries of persevering activism and theoretical creation, which have gradually imposed the presence of women on social norms and political agendas. This process has allowed us to achieve everything from suffrage to enjoying human rights and, in particular, the right to gender equality and reproductive and sexual rights. These are rights that, as they move from law to reality, have effectively made women visible. We can illustrate this visibility with clear examples from our own country: think of the women we see in cabinets, in parliament, in the judiciary, in journalism, in academia, in hospitals, driving taxis and buses, etc. Today we can see women receiving scientific awards. It is true that the Nobel Prizes, for example, are still not exclusively awarded to women.” It's true that, until very recently, only exceptional figures like Madame Curie or María Ángeles Durán received the highest honors. They were still a drop in a sea of men. However, the National Prize for Sociology and Political Science is now making the work of women sociologists visible at a similar pace to that of their male counterparts. And the same has been happening for the last two years with the National Science Prizes. For all these reasons, I believe we can be hopeful and say that women, although still facing persistent and hostile spaces of inequality, have gone from invisible to almost omnipresent. The audience rose to their feet in prolonged applause, and the event was finally closed by the Minister of the Presidency, Justice, and Relations with the Cortes, Félix Bolaños, who emphasized the essential contribution of the Social Sciences to strengthening democracy and fostering a better understanding of Spanish society. He highlighted Capitolina Díaz's commitment to public service, underscoring her solid academic background, prolific research activity, and international standing.

A few days before the National Sociology and Political Science Award ceremony, we spoke with Capitolina Díaz, who said she felt more excited than nervous. This was due to the prestige of the award and because her colleagues themselves had recognized her more than 30 years of work in sociology with a gender perspective, as well as her academic excellence aimed at contributing to a more just and equitable society. “I’m thrilled with this outpouring of support and all the messages and expressions of affection. I get the impression that many people have taken the award as their own, and that’s wonderful.” From a multidisciplinary perspective, her dedication to teaching and pedagogy has, alongside her research, contributed a series of tools—small methodological innovations—available to universities and the scientific community. Examples include the design of software, a translator of any text into inclusive language, named CaDi in her honor. She also created and implemented the so-called 'Minimum Gender Test' to ensure gender-conscious research, and has developed numerous courses and training programs to equip university staff with the tools to integrate the gender dimension into their research. She continues to believe that “the care gap is the mother of all gaps” and warns that, in education, there is still much to be done, that secondary school is key, because it is where femininities and masculinities are formed: “We are not educating our daughters, girls, and young women to know how to be unique and first. Not even close. Girls and women are trapped in the pressure to be agreeable. There is still a certain demand to be liked, to be kind, and that greatly limits your ability to become who you want to be, beyond the good, pretty, and agreeable girl. We believe we have to let others take advantage of that kindness. There is a certain desire to please, to help, to endure, to accompany. And meanwhile, we lose ground in what is only ours. We are not educated to occupy the center of attention. We only occupy that central space if we don't bother anyone and all our caregiving tasks are already done.” Capitolina speaks passionately about her role models, sociologists such as Maria Ángeles Durán and Inés Alberdi, among many others. She acknowledges that their example has been an essential inspiration for continuing to identify trends, find reasons behind them, and contribute solutions. “I believe that women who dedicate themselves to social thought do not limit themselves to describing institutions, but rather analyze how these are inscribed in concrete life trajectories; we do not study the economy as an abstract system, but as a set of material relations that produce dependence, inequality and subjectivity; we do not approach law or the family as autonomous normative spheres, but as devices that organize bodies, times and lives.” She is a product of her time, and she is aware that, in this February of 2026, in which she is awarded the prize, discrimination against women is still seen on a daily basis; however, she is positive by nature: “We have made enormous progress, we still need the alliance of men, and the change in the laws has already been achieved. In academia we are very present, in the judiciary and medicine our numbers are constantly rising, and also in public administrations… I remember how they laughed at us when, from the Ministry of Equality, we proposed in 2009 a 15% presence of women on the boards of Ibex companies… And today we exceed 41%…”. And yet, “science still doesn’t love women,” she laments. “On the one hand, it expels them from universities and doesn’t select them for scientific positions. It’s run by men with a male perspective. You have to adapt to their rules, and if you deviate, you pay the price, because they exclude you from the establishment. Science doesn’t see women. You can’t love what you don’t know.” And she confesses that, since learning of the awarding of the National Prize for Sociology and Political Science, she has not stopped reflecting and writing about the role of female research work and what is particular about its contribution to the scientific community. “Women social thinkers gave sociology back what the canon had left out: the body, everyday life, and real inequality. Without women sociologists, sociology has been more abstract than truthful. They don't allow themselves to look from afar. They have shown that social reproduction, care work, and dependency are not 'soft' topics, but rather structures without which we cannot understand how power functions or how inequalities are produced.” And it acknowledges the work of the Center for Sociological Research in recovering the pioneering work of women who were invisible in social science: “I have no words to express the value of Professor Tezanos’s legacy, a vision that none of his predecessors possessed. Since his arrival, he has consistently done things to highlight the role of women in sociology: striving for parity and balance in the awarding of the Prize, recognizing our contributions, organizing conferences, rescuing, translating, and making available to citizens and institutions the work of the pioneering women in sociology. José Félix Tezanos truly had the ability to see us.”   Capitolina Díaz Martínez will receive the National Sociology Prize on February 9th from His Majesty the King.