The Spanish Centre for Sociological Research (CIS) has completely redesigned its website to offer a simpler, faster, and more accessible experience for all users. The new site allows for easy navigation from any device—computer, tablet, or mobile phone—and facilitates access to all CIS information and studies. The content and organization of information have also been improved, making it easier to find the data and publications of interest. Improvements have also been made to increase the online presence and ranking of CIS content. Thanks to these updates, the portal is now more visible in search engines like Google and Bing, making it easier for researchers, students, and anyone interested to find the available studies and resources. One of the most significant milestones has been the development of a new intelligent search engine with filters and categories , allowing simultaneous searches across all studies, questions, and series produced by the CIS since its founding. This advanced tool is integrated with the Lucene query system, enabling researchers and analysts to run complex, high-precision queries to extract valuable sociological information. In addition, a comprehensive review and update of the translations has been carried out, aimed at improving the coherence and multilingual quality of the content, as well as the integration of CIS study data with the national open data portal datos.gob.es , strengthening institutional transparency and promoting the reuse of public information. With this set of improvements, the CIS consolidates its commitment to digital transformation, innovation and accessibility, reaffirming its commitment to open, rigorous social research at the service of citizens.

On October 18, 2010, the Interterritorial Council of the Spanish National Health System approved the National Strategy for Sexual and Reproductive Health (ENSSR). The development of this Strategy is part of the implementation of Organic Law 2/2010, of March 3, on sexual and reproductive health and voluntary termination of pregnancy. Its main objectives are to promote the generation of knowledge that contributes to improving the quality of sexual health care from a holistic and gender-based perspective, and to manage, compile, and disseminate existing knowledge on sexual health. To meet these goals, the Ministry of Health needs to understand public opinion regarding the habits and perceptions surrounding sexual health and experiences of the Spanish population over the age of 16. In 2009, the Women's Health Observatory of the National Health System, together with the Center for Sociological Research (CIS) , conducted the First National Survey on Sexual Health , the objective of which was to obtain an initial diagnosis of the state of sexual health at the state level, with a view to developing a sexual health strategy. Currently, the General Directorate of Public Health and Health Equity has considered it necessary to update this information, again in collaboration with the CIS , and for this purpose they have signed an agreement for the II National Survey of Sexual Health, whose fieldwork will be carried out between October 13 and 28, 2025 . The CIS is an agency of the General State Administration that belongs to the Ministry of the Presidency, Justice, and Parliamentary Relations. Its purpose is the scientific study of Spanish society. The CIS is responsible for organizing the survey and also acts as the controller for the processing of personal data. Its headquarters are in Madrid (Calle Montalbán 8, 28014 Madrid). How do we collect data? The questionnaires will be administered via a CATI (computer-assisted telephone interview). If you do not wish to answer any of the questions, you may do so. We conducted the survey on a sample of the population residing in Spain, over 16 years of age and of both sexes. The phone numbers called are obtained by generating random numbers and are placed using an automatic call system. No databases are used, nor is data sharing practiced. The phone numbers are not stored and are disconnected from the interview immediately afterward. No information that could identify the interviewee is requested. All information collected is treated with complete confidentiality, in accordance with the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and national data protection legislation. If you wish, you can obtain more details about how the Center for Sociological Research conducts surveys at: https://www.cis.es/estudios/preguntas-frecuentes/como-se-hacen-las-encuestas Where can I get more information? Contact information For more information, you can visit the website of the Center for Sociological Research ( www.cis.es ) or write to campo@cis.es .

The CIS has conducted the monthly barometer with the usual questions on voting intentions, leader ratings and other current issues such as climate change, the war in the Middle East or in Ukraine. In November, the PSOE would obtain 32.6% of votes, the PP would remain at 22.4%, VOX at 18.8%, SUMAR at 7.1% and Podemos at 4%. Pedro Sánchez, the highest-rated leader Pedro Sánchez is the highest-rated political leader with an average score of 4.14; followed by Alberto Núñez Feijóo with a score of 3.43; Yolanda Díaz achieves 3.99 and Santiago Abascal reaches 2.98. Pedro Sánchez is the favorite to become Prime Minister for 40.5% of those surveyed, a 22.3-point lead over Santiago Abascal, who is favored by 18.2% and is ahead of the PP leader. Alberto Núñez Feijóo is preferred by 14.8%, Yolanda Díaz by 6.2%, and Gabriel Rufián by 5.9%. Climate change, Russian invasion of Ukraine, and war in the Middle East 71.9% of those surveyed are currently “very or quite” concerned about climate change, while 26.3% say they are “not very or not at all” concerned. Furthermore, 62.5% are “very or quite” concerned about the war in the Middle East; 16.5% say they are “somewhat” concerned, and 19.5% are “not very or not at all” concerned. Regarding Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, 63.7% say they are “very or quite” concerned, 15.1% “somewhat” concerned, and 19.5% “not very or not at all” concerned. Problems in Spain The main problem currently existing in Spain, according to those surveyed, is housing (40%), three points higher than last month, followed by political problems in general, which is the main problem for 19%, and in third place immigration and the economic crisis, economic problems, for 18.9%. The problems that affect people the most personally are the economic crisis (28.1%); housing for 26.8%, and healthcare for 19.9%. Personal and general economic situation 63.9% of Spaniards consider their current personal economic situation to be “very good or good,” compared to 26.2% who say it is “bad or very bad.” Regarding the overall economic situation in Spain, 34.1% consider it “good or very good,” compared to 58.6% who consider it “bad or very bad.” These and other data are collected in the barometer carried out from November 3 to 12 with 4,028 interviews.  

A graduate in Sociology from the Complutense University of Madrid, she obtained her doctorate from the University of London. Capitolina Díaz was a professor at the University of Oviedo (1992), where she was part of the Center for Feminist Research and Women's Studies, and subsequently a professor of Sociology at the University of Valencia (2012). She has served as a visiting professor at Stanford and Harvard Universities (USA), UAM (Mexico), Moa (Cuba), and El Comahue (Argentina). Her areas of specialization are the Sociology of Education, the Sociology of Gender and Methodology of Social Sciences, and the Sociology of Science with a Gender Dimension. She was the first Director of the Women and Science Unit (2006-2008) of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Government of Spain, a body created in 2005 to promote the application of the principle of gender mainstreaming in the fields of science, technology, and innovation. In 2008, she served as Research Advisor at the Permanent Representation of Spain to the European Union in Brussels, and in December of that same year, she was appointed Director General for Equality in Employment for the Government of Spain (2008-2010). She served as President of the Association of Women Researchers and Technologists (2013-2016). In March 2006, the Association of Progressive Women of El Bierzo awarded her its 2006 Women's Award. Author, editor and co-author of numerous books, among the most recent are Harriet Martineau's How to Observe Morals and Customs (1838) (CIS, 2022) and Sociological Omnivority: Contributions to the Work of Antonio Ariño (CIS, 2023), as well as more than 100 articles in specialized journals and book chapters on the Sociology of Education, the Sociology of Gender, the Methodology of Social Sciences, and the inclusion of sex and/or gender analysis in research and innovation. In recent years, she has worked on the recovery of the founders of Sociology, particularly on the figure of Harriet Martineau, and on the dissemination among national and international researchers of the inclusion of the gender dimension in the content of their research. The jury was composed of the President of the CIS, Professor of Sociology José Félix Tezanos, and the following personalities: the Director of Research at the CIS, Silvia García Ramos; the Director of Publications at the CIS, Rosario H. Sánchez Morales; the Professor of Sociology, Inés Alberdi Alonso (National Sociology Prize 2019); the Professor of Sociology, Constanza Tobío Soler (National Sociology Prize 2021); the Professor of Sociology, Rafael Pardo Avellaneda (National Sociology Prize 2022); the Professor of Sociology, Carlota Solé i Puig (National Sociology Prize 2023); the President of the Spanish Association of Political Science and Administration (AECPA), Juan Montabes Pereira; the President of the Spanish Federation of Sociology and full professor Màrius Domínguez i Amorós; The Vice President of the Spanish Federation of Sociology, Professor Lucila Finkel Morgenstern; Professor Irene Delgado Sotillos; Professor of Mathematical Sociology Antonio Alaminos Chica; and Professor of Political Science Pablo Oñate Rubalcaba (2024 National Sociology Prize winner). María Asunción Garzón Martínez, Secretary General of the CIS (National Commission for Sociology of the Spanish Federation of Sociology), acted as the Jury's secretary, with voice but no vote. For any questions, please contact the CIS Communications telephone number: 91 580 76 25

On November 28, at 12:30 p.m., the preview of the results of the 'Preelectoral elecciones autonómicas 2025. Comunidad autónoma de Extremadura' will be available to all media and interested people on the website of the Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (www.cis.es). For any questions, the Communication telephone number is 91 580 76 25 / 664 470 083.

...Under the motto "Sociology for sustainable lives", this congress has been a space for open dialogue that has allowed the sharing of ongoing research and highlighted the role of sociology....

The Centre for Sociological Research participated in the sponsorship and inauguration of the XII Andalusian Congress of Sociology, which took place on November 27 and 28, 2025, in order to collaborate in the visibility, promotion and encouragement of applied social research. For two intense days, under the theme "Sociology for Sustainable Lives," the 12th Andalusian Congress of Sociology served as an open forum for dialogue, sharing ongoing research and highlighting the role of sociology in analyzing the current context and developing solutions for achieving sustainable and equitable development. The event was based on the premise that we live in an era of accelerated social, political, and economic change, the effects of which have been felt at both the community and individual levels. These transformations have altered daily life and jeopardized the well-being of future generations. Through the scheduled presentations, the XII Andalusian Congress of Sociology sought to highlight the relevance of this discipline in proposing solutions that have allowed progress towards sustainable and fair development.

The Centre for Sociological Research participated in the sponsorship and inauguration of the XII Andalusian Congress of Sociology, which took place on November 27 and 28, 2025, in order to collaborate in the visibility, promotion and encouragement of applied social research. For two intense days, under the theme "Sociology for Sustainable Lives," the 12th Andalusian Congress of Sociology served as an open forum for dialogue, sharing ongoing research and highlighting the role of sociology in analyzing the current context and developing solutions for achieving sustainable and equitable development. The event was based on the premise that we live in an era of accelerated social, political, and economic change, the effects of which have been felt at both the community and individual levels. These transformations have altered daily life and jeopardized the well-being of future generations. Through the scheduled presentations, the XII Andalusian Congress of Sociology sought to highlight the relevance of this discipline in proposing solutions that have allowed progress towards sustainable and fair development.

Students from the Faculty of Journalism at the University of Valladolid visited the CIS (Center for Sociological Research) this Monday. The students toured the facilities and the different departments within the institution, and learned firsthand how surveys and qualitative studies are conducted today. They also visited the permanent exhibition at the CIS for the 60th anniversary of the institution, which includes highly relevant studies on topics that have had a major impact on society, such as abortion and same-sex marriage.  

On December 2nd, at 12:30 p.m., the preview of the results of the ICC (Índice de Confianza del Consumidor) will be available to all media and interested people on the website of the Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (www.cis.es). The ICC collects monthly the assessment of the recent evolution and expectations of Spanish consumers related to their family economy, employment and their savings and consumption possibilities. For any questions, the Communication telephone number is 91 580 76 25 / 664 470 083.

On December 2nd, at 12:30 p.m., the preview of the results of the ICC (Índice de Confianza del Consumidor) will be available to all media and interested people on the website of the Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (www.cis.es). The ICC collects monthly the assessment of the recent evolution and expectations of Spanish consumers related to their family economy, employment and their savings and consumption possibilities. For any questions, the Communication telephone number is 91 580 76 25 / 664 470 083.

On December 2nd, at 12:30 p.m., the preview of the results of the ICC (Índice de Confianza del Consumidor) will be available to all media and interested people on the website of the Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas (www.cis.es). The ICC collects monthly the assessment of the recent evolution and expectations of Spanish consumers related to their family economy, employment and their savings and consumption possibilities. For any questions, the Communication telephone number is 91 580 76 25 / 664 470 083.

The pre-election survey on the regional elections of Extremadura indicates that the PP is the party with the highest estimated vote share, with 38.5%, the PSOE would obtain 31.6% of the votes, VOX would reach 17.3%, and Podemos-IU-AV 9.6%. Regarding the projected distribution of seats, the PP would move within a range of 25 to 29 seats, the PSOE between 19 and 22, VOX would be between 10 and 12 seats and Podemos-IU-AV could achieve up to 6 or 7 seats. Situation in Extremadura 42.8% of Extremadurans rate the current situation in Extremadura as "very good or good", 41.5% say it is "bad or very bad" and 14.6% think it is "fair". Compared to two and a half years ago, 34.3% think that the general situation in Extremadura is the same, 32.7% say that it is “worse or much worse” and 31.6% say that it is “better or much better”. Main problems 19.2% think that unemployment is the main problem for the people of Extremadura, infrastructure - such as trains and tolls - is the biggest problem for 15.1%, and healthcare is in third place for 7.8%. Management of the Extremadura government 37.8% rate the management of the Extremadura government as "fair", 35.7% as "very good or good", and 25.9% as "bad or very bad". 52% of those surveyed say they are following the Extremadura elections with "a lot or quite a bit of interest" and 45.7% say with "little or no interest". 74.5% say that when voting in the upcoming regional elections, the most important issues will be those specific to Extremadura, while 17.5% say that general issues affecting Spain are their primary concern. 6.7% say that both are equally important to them. Assessment of Extremaduran leaders María Guardiola is rated with an average of 5.63, Miguel Ángel Gallardo achieves 3.68, Óscar Fernández 3.60, Irene de Miguel 4.10 and Raúl Fernández, 3.87. Presidential preferences The current president of the community, María Guardiola, would be the favorite for 37.3% of those surveyed, followed by Miguel Ángel Gallardo with 21%, Óscar Fernández with 10.5%, Irene de Miguel with 8.5% and Raúl González with 1.1%. Reasons or motives for voting Regarding the main reason or motive that motivates or influences their vote in these elections, 24.2% of those surveyed say it is "the party's ideas and proposals", 16.9% answered that it is "the electoral program", and 15% will vote to "try to prevent right-wing parties or candidates from winning". Political party for which he/she feels the most sympathy 19% of those surveyed indicated that the political party they feel the most sympathy for is the PSOE, followed by the PP, 15%, Podemos-IU-AV 3.2% and Vox 2.9%. Who do you think will win the elections and who would like to 58.3% of those surveyed believe the PP will win the elections, 20.7% the PSOE, and 3.5% Vox. Regarding who they would like to see win, 34.8% say the PP, 27.9% the PSOE, and 14.7% Vox. Electoral loyalty 55.4% of those surveyed stated that they vote for one party or another, or do not vote at all, depending on what convinces them most at the time. 24.9% always vote for the same party, and 16% generally vote for the same party. Moment of the voting decision 52.7% of those surveyed decide which party or coalition they will vote for well before the start of the election campaign. 19.1% decide during the last week of the campaign. 12.1% at the beginning of the election campaign. 7% on election day itself. And 6% during the day of reflection, the day before the election. The pre-election survey for Extremadura was conducted from November 21st to 25th with a total sample of 2,037 interviews. The complete data will be available to all media outlets on the CIS website.

The pre-election survey on the regional elections of Extremadura indicates that the PP is the party with the highest estimated vote share, with 38.5%, the PSOE would obtain 31.6% of the votes, VOX would reach 17.3%, and Podemos-IU-AV 9.6%. Regarding the projected distribution of seats, the PP would move within a range of 25 to 29 seats, the PSOE between 19 and 22, VOX would be between 10 and 12 seats and Podemos-IU-AV could achieve up to 6 or 7 seats. Situation in Extremadura 42.8% of Extremadurans rate the current situation in Extremadura as "very good or good", 41.5% say it is "bad or very bad" and 14.6% think it is "fair". Compared to two and a half years ago, 34.3% think that the general situation in Extremadura is the same, 32.7% say that it is “worse or much worse” and 31.6% say that it is “better or much better”. Main problems 19.2% think that unemployment is the main problem for the people of Extremadura, infrastructure - such as trains and tolls - is the biggest problem for 15.1%, and healthcare is in third place for 7.8%. Management of the Extremadura government 37.8% rate the management of the Extremadura government as "fair", 35.7% as "very good or good", and 25.9% as "bad or very bad". 52% of those surveyed say they are following the Extremadura elections with "a lot or quite a bit of interest" and 45.7% say with "little or no interest". 74.5% say that when voting in the upcoming regional elections, the most important issues will be those specific to Extremadura, while 17.5% say that general issues affecting Spain are their primary concern. 6.7% say that both are equally important to them. Assessment of Extremaduran leaders María Guardiola is rated with an average of 5.63, Miguel Ángel Gallardo achieves 3.68, Óscar Fernández 3.60, Irene de Miguel 4.10 and Raúl Fernández, 3.87. Presidential preferences The current president of the community, María Guardiola, would be the favorite for 37.3% of those surveyed, followed by Miguel Ángel Gallardo with 21%, Óscar Fernández with 10.5%, Irene de Miguel with 8.5% and Raúl González with 1.1%. Reasons or motives for voting Regarding the main reason or motive that motivates or influences their vote in these elections, 24.2% of those surveyed say it is "the party's ideas and proposals", 16.9% answered that it is "the electoral program", and 15% will vote to "try to prevent right-wing parties or candidates from winning". Political party for which he/she feels the most sympathy 19% of those surveyed indicated that the political party they feel the most sympathy for is the PSOE, followed by the PP, 15%, Podemos-IU-AV 3.2% and Vox 2.9%. Who do you think will win the elections and who would like to 58.3% of those surveyed believe the PP will win the elections, 20.7% the PSOE, and 3.5% Vox. Regarding who they would like to see win, 34.8% say the PP, 27.9% the PSOE, and 14.7% Vox. Electoral loyalty 55.4% of those surveyed stated that they vote for one party or another, or do not vote at all, depending on what convinces them most at the time. 24.9% always vote for the same party, and 16% generally vote for the same party. Moment of the voting decision 52.7% of those surveyed decide which party or coalition they will vote for well before the start of the election campaign. 19.1% decide during the last week of the campaign. 12.1% at the beginning of the election campaign. 7% on election day itself. And 6% during the day of reflection, the day before the election. The pre-election survey for Extremadura was conducted from November 21st to 25th with a total sample of 2,037 interviews. The complete data will be available to all media outlets on the CIS website.

The pre-election survey on the regional elections of Extremadura indicates that the PP is the party with the highest estimated vote share, with 38.5%, the PSOE would obtain 31.6% of the votes, VOX would reach 17.3%, and Podemos-IU-AV 9.6%. Regarding the projected distribution of seats, the PP would move within a range of 25 to 29 seats, the PSOE between 19 and 22, VOX would be between 10 and 12 seats and Podemos-IU-AV could achieve up to 6 or 7 seats. Situation in Extremadura 42.8% of Extremadurans rate the current situation in Extremadura as "very good or good", 41.5% say it is "bad or very bad" and 14.6% think it is "fair". Compared to two and a half years ago, 34.3% think that the general situation in Extremadura is the same, 32.7% say that it is “worse or much worse” and 31.6% say that it is “better or much better”. Main problems 19.2% think that unemployment is the main problem for the people of Extremadura, infrastructure - such as trains and tolls - is the biggest problem for 15.1%, and healthcare is in third place for 7.8%. Management of the Extremadura government 37.8% rate the management of the Extremadura government as "fair", 35.7% as "very good or good", and 25.9% as "bad or very bad". 52% of those surveyed say they are following the Extremadura elections with "a lot or quite a bit of interest" and 45.7% say with "little or no interest". 74.5% say that when voting in the upcoming regional elections, the most important issues will be those specific to Extremadura, while 17.5% say that general issues affecting Spain are their primary concern. 6.7% say that both are equally important to them. Assessment of Extremaduran leaders María Guardiola is rated with an average of 5.63, Miguel Ángel Gallardo achieves 3.68, Óscar Fernández 3.60, Irene de Miguel 4.10 and Raúl Fernández, 3.87. Presidential preferences The current president of the community, María Guardiola, would be the favorite for 37.3% of those surveyed, followed by Miguel Ángel Gallardo with 21%, Óscar Fernández with 10.5%, Irene de Miguel with 8.5% and Raúl González with 1.1%. Reasons or motives for voting Regarding the main reason or motive that motivates or influences their vote in these elections, 24.2% of those surveyed say it is "the party's ideas and proposals", 16.9% answered that it is "the electoral program", and 15% will vote to "try to prevent right-wing parties or candidates from winning". Political party for which he/she feels the most sympathy 19% of those surveyed indicated that the political party they feel the most sympathy for is the PSOE, followed by the PP, 15%, Podemos-IU-AV 3.2% and Vox 2.9%. Who do you think will win the elections and who would like to 58.3% of those surveyed believe the PP will win the elections, 20.7% the PSOE, and 3.5% Vox. Regarding who they would like to see win, 34.8% say the PP, 27.9% the PSOE, and 14.7% Vox. Electoral loyalty 55.4% of those surveyed stated that they vote for one party or another, or do not vote at all, depending on what convinces them most at the time. 24.9% always vote for the same party, and 16% generally vote for the same party. Moment of the voting decision 52.7% of those surveyed decide which party or coalition they will vote for well before the start of the election campaign. 19.1% decide during the last week of the campaign. 12.1% at the beginning of the election campaign. 7% on election day itself. And 6% during the day of reflection, the day before the election. The pre-election survey for Extremadura was conducted from November 21st to 25th with a total sample of 2,037 interviews. The complete data will be available to all media outlets on the CIS website.